Umsuka Womkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla: Uhambo Lwesikhathi Nesiko

I-Mid-Autumn Festival, eyaziwa nangokuthi uMkhosi weNyanga noma uMkhosi we-Mooncake, ingelinye lamaholide abaluleke kakhulu futhi agujwa kabanzi kumasiko amaningi aseMpumalanga Asia. Lo mkhosi, ozoba ngosuku lwe-15 lwenyanga yesi-8 ekhalendeni lenyanga, isikhathi sokuhlangana komkhaya, ukubheka inyanga, nokuzitika ngamakhekhe enyanga amnandi. Kodwa ngale kwemikhosi yosuku lwanamuhla kunomlando ocebile, izinganekwane, nokubaluleka kwamasiko okwenzeka ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule. Lesi sihloko sidingida umsuka woMkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla, ihlola izimpande zawo zomlando, izinganekwane, kanye nokuvela kwamasiko namasiko awo.

Izimpande Zomlando

I-Mid-Autumn Festival inemvelaphi yayo e-China yasendulo, nomlando wayo uhlehlela emuva eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-3,000 kuze kufike eNkathini YaseShang (1600-1046 BCE). Ekuqaleni, kwakuyisikhathi sokukhulekelwa kwenyanga nemikhosi yokuvuna. AmaShayina asendulo ayekholelwa ukuthi inyanga yayikhanya kakhulu futhi iyindilinga ngalolu suku, ifanekisela ubunye nokuphelela. Le nkolelo yayihlobene eduze nemikhuba yezolimo, njengoba umkhosi wawuphawula ukuphela kwesivuno sasekwindla lapho abalimi babebuthana khona ukuze babonge inala yezitshalo.

Ngesikhathi seZhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE), lo mkhosi waba ngosemthethweni, waba nemikhuba eyinkimbinkimbi nemikhosi enikezelwe enyangeni. Inkosi yayinikela imihlatshelo enyangeni, ithandazela isivuno esihle nokuchuma kwesizwe. Lo mkhuba wokukhulekela inyanga waqhubeka uthuthuka phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, wagxila kakhulu emasikweni nasemphakathini wamaShayina.

Izinganekwane Zenganekwane

I-Mid-Autumn Festival icwile ezinganekwaneni, ezinezinganekwane ezimbalwa ezinomthelela emafa awo anothile amasiko. Phakathi kwezidume kakhulu indaba kaChang'e, unkulunkulukazi weNyanga.

Inganekwane ye-Chang'e

Ngokwenganekwane, kwake kwaba namalanga ayishumi esibhakabhakeni, ashisa umhlaba futhi abangela ukuhlupheka okukhulu. Umcibisholo oyiqhawe ogama lakhe lingu-Hou Yi udubule ilanga eliyisishiyagalolunye, washiya elilodwa kuphela elinikeza ukukhanya nokufudumala. Njengomvuzo wesibindi sakhe, u-Hou Yi wanikezwa i-elixir yokungafi. Nokho, wayengafuni ukushiya umkakhe amthandayo, u-Chang'e, ngakho waphathisa i-elixir ukuze ayigcine.

Ngolunye usuku, ngenkathi u-Hou Yi engekho, indoda embi okuthiwa uFeng Meng yazama ukweba i-elixir. Ukuze alivimbele lingaweli ezandleni ezingafanele, uChang'e waphuza i-elixir ngokwakhe futhi wakhuphukela enyangeni, lapho aphenduka khona unkulunkulukazi weNyanga. Edabukile, u-Hou Yi wayebuka inyanga njalo ebusuku, enethemba lokuthi uzobona umkakhe. Le ndaba edabukisayo yothando nokuzidela ikhunjulwa phakathi noMkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla, nabantu banikeza amakhekhe enyanga nokunye ubumnandi ku-Chang'e ukuze bamhloniphe.

I-Jade Rabbit

Enye inganekwane edumile ehlotshaniswa noMkhosi Wase-Mid-Autumn yileyo kaJade Rabbit. Ngokwalolu daba, abantu abathathu abangafi ababezifihle njengezinxibi baya kunogwaja, impungushe nenkawu, becela ukudla. Ngenkathi impungushe nenkawu bekunikeza ababengakwenza, unogwaja, engenalutho onganikela ngalo, wagxumela emlilweni ukuze azidele. Ethintwa ukuzidela kwalogwaja, abangasekho bawuvuse bawuthumela enyangeni, lapho owaba nguJade Rabbit, umngane kaChang'e. I-Jade Rabbit ivame ukuvezwa amakhambi eshaya ngodaka ne-pestle, uphawu lwenkonzo yawo yaphakade.

Ukuvela Kwemikhuba Namasiko

Emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, i-Mid-Autumn Festival iye yavela, ihlanganisa amasiko namasiko ahlukahlukene abonisa ukuhlukahluka kwamasiko ezifunda lapho ugujwa khona. Nakuba ukukhulekela inyanga nemikhosi yokuvuna kuseyizindikimba eziyinhloko, umkhosi usuphinde waba isikhathi sokuhlangana komkhaya, idili, nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuzijabulisa.

Ama-Mooncakes

Olunye lwezimpawu ezigqame kakhulu zeMid-Autumn Festival i-mooncake. Lawa makhekhe ayindilinga, avame ukugcwaliswa ngokugcwaliswa okumnandi noma okumnandi, ngokwesiko abiwa phakathi komndeni nabangane njengophawu lobunye nokuphelela. Umkhuba wokudla ama- mooncakes waqala emuva oBukhosini bukaYuan (1271-1368 CE), lapho ayesetshenziselwa ukudlulisa imiyalezo eyimfihlo phakathi nokuvukela umbuso wamaMongol. Namuhla, ama-mooncake afika ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-flavour nezitayela, abonisa izintandokazi zesifunda kanye nezinqubo ezintsha zokupheka.

Izibani

Izibani zingesinye isici esibalulekile se-Mid-Autumn Festival. Endulo, abantu babekhanyisa izibani ukuze ziqondise imimoya yokhokho babo futhi zifanekisele ithemba lekusasa eliqhakazile. Namuhla, ukubukiswa kwezibani namapharadesi kuvamile, izingane zivame ukuthwala izibani ezimibalabala ngezinhlobo nemiklamo ehlukahlukene. Kwezinye izifunda, kukhishwa izibani zesibhakabhaka, okudala umbukwane omangalisayo wezibani ezintantayo esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku.

Ukubuka Inyanga

Ukubuka inyanga kuyisiko elithandwayo phakathi noMkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla. Imindeni ibuthana ngaphandle ukuze ibuke inyanga egcwele, ngokuvamile ehambisana nezinkondlo, umculo, nokuxoxa izindaba. Umkhuba wokubuka inyanga ugxile kakhulu ezincwadini nasezobuciko zesiShayina, izimbongi namaciko amaningi adumile athola ugqozi ebuhleni nasekufanekisweni kwenyanga.

Izinguquko Zesifunda

Ngenkathi izici eziyinhloko zoMkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla zabiwa kulo lonke elase-East Asia, ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda kwengeza ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele emikhosini. E-Vietnam, isibonelo, umkhosi waziwa ngokuthi i-Tết Trung Thu futhi ugxile ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, ngodwendwe olunemininingwane yezibani nemidanso yamabhubesi. E-Korea, lo mkhosi ubizwa ngokuthi i-Chuseok futhi uphawuleka ngamasiko okhokho, imidlalo yendabuko, nokulungiswa kokudla okukhethekile okufana ne-songpyeon (amakhekhe elayisi).

Imikhosi Yezinsuku Zanamuhla

Ezikhathini zamanje, I-Mid-Autumn Festival iyaqhubeka nokuba umgubho onamandla nonenjongo, ohlanganisa amasiko asendulo nokuzwela kwesimanje. Ngaphezu kwamasiko endabuko, sekuvele izinhlobo ezintsha zokuzijabulisa nemisebenzi, njengezinkundla zokuxhumana zokwenza i-mooncake, imidlalo yamasiko, nemicimbi yomphakathi. Lo mkhosi usuphinde wamukelwa emhlabeni wonke, njengoba kunemigubho emazweni ahlukahlukene anemiphakathi ebalulekile yaseMpumalanga Asia.

I-Mid-Autumn Festival isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka okuhlala njalo komndeni, umphakathi, namagugu amasiko. Yisikhathi sokuzindla ngesikhathi esedlule, sibungaze isikhathi samanje, sibheke phambili ekusaseni ngethemba nokubonga. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuhlanganyela amakhekhe enyanga, ukukhanyiswa kwezibani, noma isenzo esilula sokubuka inyanga, umkhosi uhlanganisa abantu ndawonye ngomoya wobunye nenjabulo.

Isiphetho

I-Mid-Autumn Festival iwubufakazi bamagugu acebile amasiko kanye namasiko ahlala njalo aseMpumalanga Asia. Umsuka wayo, ocwile emlandweni nasezinganekwaneni, unikeza umbono othakazelisayo ngezindinganiso nezinkolelo zempucuko yasendulo. Njengoba umkhosi uqhubeka nokuvela, usewumcimbi othandwayo wokuhlangana kabusha kwemindeni, ukubonisana kwamasiko, nokugubha komphakathi. Ngokuqonda umsuka nokubaluleka Komkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla, singabonga ukujula nobuhle baleli siko elingaphelelwa isikhathi, nezindlela eliqhubeka ngazo ukuhlanganisa abantu kuzo zonke izizukulwane namasiko.